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The electric hard rock drilling is used to bore through hard rocks for different purposes. Here are five types of electric hard rock drillings:
Bench Drillings
Bench drilling refers to vertically drilling holes in exposed rock surfaces or benches. This technique is commonly used in quarries and open-pit mines. The electric bench drillings create vertical holes for rock fragmentation using explosive charges. The bench drilling requires precise hole control, spacing, and diameter.
Drift Drillings
The drift drilling is also called horizontal drilling. It involves creating tunnels or horizontal openings through rock formations. These openings provide access to mineral deposits, aid in underground construction, or create ventilation and drainage pathways. The electric hard rock drills creates parallel rows of overlapping holes along a predetermined trajectory. The drilled holes contain blasting chambers or tunnels to facilitate rock removal.
Inverted Cone Drilling
The inverted cone drilling involves drilling cone-shaped holes through the rock surface. The entry and exit points of the holes are small, and the holes widen towards the interior. The drilling creates destabilizing formations to enhance rock fragmentation. The inverted cone drilling may also create vertical or inverted holes for access to mineral deposits or for later rock blasting.
Vertical Hole Drilling
As the name suggests, vertical hole drilling involves digging straight holes through the rock vertically. The vertical holes serve as anchor points for rock bolts, sap traps, or drilling and blasting combinations.
Anchor Hole Drilling
The anchor hole drilling refers to drilling holes through the rock to install anchors or support elements. The anchors provide stabilisation and support in various geological and engineering contexts, such as underground excavations, slopes, and retaining structures.
It's essential to consider a drill's specifications to identify its capacity for mining operations and other applications. Knowing how to maintain them can ensure their longevity and optimum performance.
Drill Diameter
The drill bit size of electric rock drills varies from model to model. It is measured in millimeters (mm) and is available in a range of 43mm to 102mm. The drill diameter will affect what type of hole can be created and the level of accuracy. It is essential to match the diameter to the job that needs to be done.
Drill Power
The power source of electric rock drills will also vary. Pneumatic drills are typically 3.0-4.0 kW and electric drills will vary depending on voltage and frequency.
High-performance electric rock drills have a more powerful motor (1-5.5 kw). If more power is needed, a drill with a higher voltage motor will have more power for difficult mining jobs at a depth of 2.5-3.5kg/m3. For greater drilling speed, it is better to use 5.5-11kw machines at a depth of 3.5-5.5kg/m3. Lower frequency motors can penetrate deeper hardness levels but will be at a higher voltage.
Water-Flush System
A reliable rock drill water-flush system is necessary for proper operation and maintenance. It should control the amount of water used to cool the drill bit and remove debris from the hole. The water system should also function well, even when exposed to high temperatures and pressures. That's why selecting an electric rock drill with a robust water-flush mechanism is vital. The water-spray system can help minimize friction and overheating of the drill bit and keep it free of obstructions.
Electric rock drills require a reliable water-flush system to operate properly.
Construction and Maintenance
Because of its extensive use in the mining and construction industry, an electric rock drill requires frequent maintenance. The parts that need maintenance include the gear box and clutch. More frequent inspections are required for rock drills used in the construction industry, where dust and debris levels are high.
When a drill is exposed to water, a preventive maintenance program that includes lubricating attachments, bearings, and water-soluble grease can help keep it corrosion-free. Regular testing of the water-soluble grease is necessary to see if it's still effective in preventing corrosion.
The electric hard rock drill is used in the mining industry, civil construction sector, and geotechnical engineering fields. In the mining sector, it is used to excavate the rock. The drill creates tunnels and makes vertical shafts to extract mineral resources. Drilling columns, benches, or holes in the mining floor to improve extraction processes are common practices.
An electric hand drill is also used in the construction industry. It makes precise holes in the rock for the installation of anchors, explosive charges, and other construction elements. It's easy to use, so workers can create holes in different patterns, and it is considered more productive than manual drilling methods.
Drilling holes for blasting is another use of this drill. A professionally trained operator can accurately drill holes in the rock where explosives will be placed for controlled blasting. The drill's diameter and depth are important factors to consider when the drill is used for blasting.
The electric hard drill can also be used in the following industries with various accessories:
Buyers can start by considering the drill bit type when selecting electric rock drills. Buyers should get drilling machines with drill bits designed to handle the rock types they will be working with. Also, buyers should consider the drilling depth and diameter required for their projects. They should get drilling machines appropriately engineered to achieve the desired depth and diameter.
Electric power supply and transmission are crucial factors buyers should not overlook when choosing electric rock drills. Buyers should select drilling machines with power requirements suitable for their available electrical infrastructure. For instance, they can ensure that the drills voltage and amperage match the capacity of their electrical system.
Buyers' rock drill selection should also consider other features and specifications essential for their drilling tasks. For example, they should look for machines with depth control, automatic feed, or immovable mechanisms. Additionally, buyers should opt for drilling machines with safety features, such as overload protection, emergency stop buttons, and safety guards. Such a feature can minimize the risk of accidents and ensure safe operation.
It would help if buyers also considered the rock drills' size and weight. In this case, they should choose appropriately compact and lightweight drilling machines that can easily maneuver within their project sites. Buyers should also consider the maintenance and support requirements of the drilling equipment they select. In this case, they should choose models that are easy to maintain and have available replacement parts.
Q: What is an electric drill used for in mining?
A: Electric drills are used to make holes in the rock to create controlled blasting. The holes are called blast holes. According to drill pattern specified by mining engineers, the size and number of holes can vary depending on the type of mine.
Q: What are the limitations of an electric drill?
A: Only small to medium-sized holes can be drilled. It is not suitable for hard metal and rock. The depth of the hole is limited to the length of the drill bit.
Q: Does an electric drill make at harder rock?
A: It is possible to make holes in hard rock with an electric drill and appropriate drill bit. However, it is more efficient and easier to use an electric drill made specifically for hard rock. Drilling hard rock with an unfit electric drill can damage the drill and wear out the drill bit quickly.
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