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A semi-trailer with lift axles has axles that can be raised off the road surface. When raised, the lift axles are not used for load support. The lift axles reduce rolling resistance, improve weight distribution, and prolong tire life. These semi-trailers are commonly used in the trucking industry to carry heavy freight loads. Below are the common types of semi-trailers with lift axles:
Flatbed Semi-Trailer with Lift Axles
The flatbed semi-trailer with lift axles is a truck trailer with a flat, open bed. There are no side walls, roof, or front wall. It may also have a fixed or removable front wall. The lift axles are usually placed at the rear or front of the flatbed semi-trailer. When the lift axles are raised, the flatbed semi-trailer can transport oversized freight. The lift axles allow for better weight distribution and improved maneuverability. This can be useful when transporting heavy equipment, furniture, and construction materials.
Reefer Semi-Trailer with Lift Axles
A reefer semi-trailer with lift axles is a refrigerated trailer with a built-in lift axle. The lift axle is typically located close to the rear of the semi-trailer. It can be raised and lowered using a control system inside the cab of the towing vehicle. The lift axle on the reefer semi-trailer increases the available cargo capacity. This is achieved by raising the axle when the trailer is not fully loaded. The lift axle also enhances the temperature control inside the trailer by increasing the ground clearance.
Lowboy Semi-Trailer with Lift Axles
The lowboy semi-trailer is designed for heavy and oversized loads. It has a low deck height, which makes loading and unloading easier. The lift axle is usually located at the rear section of the lowboy semi-trailer. It can be raised to increase the overall length of the trailer. This makes it easier to transport long loads such as wind turbine blades, steel pipes, and large construction equipment.
Curtain Side Semi-Trailer with Lift Axles
The curtain-side semi-trailer is a type of trailer that combines features of flatbed and box trailers. It has a fully enclosed cargo area with side curtains that can be opened like a van and a flatbed. The lift axles are commonly located at the rear of the trailer. They can be raised to improve fuel efficiency when transporting lighter loads. The semi-trailer can also be configured with one or more lift axles, depending on the required load capacity and the specific application.
Manufacturers of semi-trailer trucks with lift axles have different specifications for their products. Some of the common specifications include the following:
Capacity
The lift axle on a semi-trailer is designed to increase the carrying capacity of the truck. As a result, the capacity of these trailers is higher than that of standard semi-trailer trucks. The capacity of the lift axle also differs, with some being able to support up to 30,000 pounds.
Configuration
Lift axles on semi-trailer trucks are available in different configurations. For instance, they may feature single, tandem, or tridem axle configurations. The lift axles are also available in front, middle, or rear positions.
Suspension System
Lift axles feature different suspension systems, such as air ride, spring, and air-ride combination suspension systems. The suspension system plays a vital role in ensuring that the lift axle operates optimally.
Braking System
Some lift axles come with standard braking systems, while others have optional braking systems. For example, they may feature drum brakes or disc brakes. The size and configuration of the braking system also differ, depending on the model.
Tire Size
The tires on lift axles are designed to be compatible with the semi-trailer. As such, they are available in different sizes and specifications. The lift axle tires may have specialized tread patterns to enhance traction and reduce noise.
Weight
A semi-lift axle adds weight to the trailer. The weight of the lift axle itself differs depending on the model, with some weighing up to 3,000 pounds or more. This additional weight must be taken into consideration when calculating the total weight and load distribution of the semi-trailer.
Maintaining lift axles on semi-trailer trucks is important to improve their lifespan. Here are some of the maintenance requirements for lift axles:
Regular Inspection
Inspect the lift axles and the associated components on the semi-trailer regularly. Look out for signs of wear and tear, damage, or leakage. The lift axle should also be checked for proper alignment and load distribution.
Lubrication
The moving parts of the lift axle, such as the wheel bearings and suspension pivot points, should be lubricated regularly. Use a suitable lubricant as recommended by the manufacturer's manual. Ensure that the lift axle lubrication points are also cleaned regularly to avoid contamination.
Brake and Tire Maintenance
The tires and brakes on the lift axles of the semi-trailer should be maintained properly. Ensure that the tire pressure is maintained at the appropriate level. Check the tires for signs of wear and replace them accordingly. The brake components should also be inspected regularly to ensure that they function optimally.
Cleaning
Keep the lift axle and the surrounding areas clean. This will prevent the build-up of dirt and debris, which can lead to premature wear and tear of the lift axle components. Use mild detergent and water to clean the lift axle and its components periodically.
Loading Practices
When loading goods onto the semi-trailer, ensure that the weight distribution is even. This will prevent excessive stress on the lift axle and its components. Follow the manufacturer's recommended load limits for the lift axle to avoid overloading.
Professional Service
In case of any major repairs or maintenance issues, consult a qualified trailer technician. They have the necessary expertise and specialized tools to handle complex lift axle repairs and maintenance. Regular professional maintenance can help prevent costly breakdowns and extend the lifespan of the lift axle.
With so many options available, it can be difficult to know where to start when it comes to purchasing a semi-trailer with lift axles. Here are some key factors to consider before purchasing a semi-trailer with lift axles:
Weight Capacity:
Consider the weight capacity of the lift axle semi trailer. It should be able to accommodate the weight of the goods that will be transported. The semi-trailer's weight capacity should not be exceeded, as this can lead to problems with handling and braking, as well as increased wear and tear.
Road Conditions:
Consider the road conditions where the lift axle semi-trailer will be driven. A semi-trailer with more lift axles may be advantageous if the roads are in bad condition or if the semi-trailer must travel on unpaved or rural roads.
Tire Size:
Consider the tire size of the lift axle on the semi-trailer. Larger tires provide better traction and durability, making them ideal for more difficult conditions or transporting heavier loads. However, larger tires may be more expensive and require more maintenance.
Load Distribution:
Consider the lift axle's load distribution on the semi-trailer. The lift axle should be positioned to provide optimal load distribution, which can enhance stability and handling. The lift axle placement should also consider the semi-trailer length and overall weight.
Braking System:
Consider the braking system on the lift axle semi-trailer. A semi-trailer with a more powerful braking system may be advantageous if the lift axle is used to transport heavier loads or if the semi-trailer must travel on steep inclines.
Suspension System:
Consider the suspension system on the lift axle of the semi-trailer. A semi-trailer with a superior suspension system may be advantageous if the lift axle is used to transport fragile goods or if the semi-trailer must travel on long-distance routes.
Most lift axle installations are complicated and require a professional to install and maintain. However, it’s possible to install a non-lifting axle under a semi-truck trailer. Here are the steps:
Remove the Old Axle
To do this, unscrew the lug nuts from the wheels using a lug wrench. Lift the trailer using a jack, then place jack stands under the trailer for safety. Remove the wheel assemblies and brake components. Unscrew the U-bolts connecting the axle to the trailer's leaf springs and disassemble the mounting hardware.
Install the New Axle
First, clean the lift axle and its components. Lift the new axle and align it with the leaf springs. Secure it with the U-bolts. Then, reinstall the brake components and wheels. Remove the jack stands and lower the trailer.
Check for Issues
Before hitting the road, do a walk-around inspection. Ensure there are no fluid leaks and that all components are installed correctly. Check that the wheels are properly aligned and the brakes function properly.
Q: What is the point of lift axles on a semi-truck?
A: Lift axles on semi-trucks are designed to improve the truck's efficiency, safety, and performance. When the lift axle is activated, it elevates the axle off the roadway, reducing tire traction. This is advantageous in off-road situations where excessive grip can lead to tire damage or inadequate recovery. Additionally, lift axles can prolong tire life by minimizing wear unevenly distributed across the vehicle. Moreover, lift axles can reduce drag and improve fuel efficiency in certain vehicle configurations.
Q: How does one operate a lift axle?
A lift axle is controlled from inside the vehicle using a switch or lever connection to the lift axle suspension system. The operator can raise or lower the axle using this control interface, typically located within arm's reach of the driver's seat. The lift axle is often linked to the truck's air system, and the control mechanism may include air pressure gauges or indicators. To raise the lift axle, the operator activates the control switch or lever to send air to the suspension cylinders, pushing the axle up and off the ground. Lowering the lift axle requires more work to remove air from the suspension cylinders, allowing the axle to descend to the roadway.
Q: What are the benefits of a lifted axle?
A lifted axle can benefit some trucking businesses, especially those engaged in heavy hauling. Here are potential benefits lifted axles offer:
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