Solar water heater solenoid valve

Types of solar water heater solenoid valves

A solar water heater solenoid valve is a type of valve that uses an electromagnetic solenoid to control and operate it. It opens or closes the valve, controlling the fluid's direction, flow, or velocity. It uses electricity from the solar panel to open when the system needs to be pressurized and closes when it does not. Avoids losses of hot water from the tank through external piping. Types of solar water heater solenoid valves include normally open and normally closed valves.

• Normally open valves

  The normally open valve is an electromagnetic valve that is open without power. If the solenoid is energized, the valve will close. The purpose of this valve is to prevent water from flowing back to the panel at night. When the valve is open at night, water will flow back into the tank and cool down the water. If the valve is closed at night, the water will be kept hot the whole night for the morning shower. This type of valve can be placed above the heater in the piping and the valve body turned horizontal.

• Normally closed valve

  Normally closed valves are the opposite of normally open ones. They are closed without power, and if the solenoid is energized, the valve will open. This type of valve is used to control the filling up of the storage tank. When the valve is open, water will fill up the tank, and when it is closed, the water will stop flowing to the tank. These valves can be installed in a vertical or horizontal position.

Function and Features of Solar Water Heater Solenoid Valve

Here are some key features of solar solenoid valves to look out for:

• Voltage (V)

  The voltage of a solenoid valve is an important feature because it determines the pressure level at which the valve will open and close. Different valves are made for different voltage levels. Using the wrong voltage level can damage the valve or make it operate poorly. A common voltage level for solenoid valves is 24 volts. Some valves might require installation of a transformer to reduce or increase voltage levels from the main supply. The transformer reduces or increases voltage to the level suitable for the valve.

• Medium pressure

  The medium pressure is the pressure at which the valve can operate. Every valve is made to work under specific medium pressure. This is specified under the manufacturer's guidelines and can be:

  • Low-pressure, which is above atmospheric pressure but below 0.4 MPa
  • Medium pressure, which is under 10MPa
  • High medium pressure that is up to 40MPa.

• Seal material

  The seal material of a solenoid valve affects its durability. The seat is the part of the valve where the flow is blocked when the valve is closed. The seal material has to be resistant to wear and tear from the constant locking and un-locking of the flow. The seal material also needs to withstand temperature and pressure conditions of the medium. Common seal materials include PTFE and rubber.

• Opening or closing time (m)

  The opening and closing time of a solenoid valve depends on its type. It is an important factor for systems that need rapid flow shut off and flow release, like pneumatic and hydraulic systems. Normally indirect acting solenoid valves have a faster opening and closing time than direct acting valves.

• Ambient temperature range (°C)

  The ambient temperature range (°C) measures the range of room temperature suitable for the installation and operation of the solenoid valve. The temperature can be anywhere from 0 to 55°C. This affects the valve's performance and keeps it from damaging.

• Protection class

  The protection class of a solenoid valve shows how well the valve withstands external factors that can cause it to malfunction. This includes exposure to dust, moisture, and corrosive chemicals. The protection class is specified with the letters IP. Valves with an IP65 protection class are resistant to water and dust.

Scenarios

Solar water heater solenoid valves are essential in automated systems used in commercial industry. They find application in the following industries:

• Agriculture

  The solar value is used for irrigation systems, where it simplifies controlling the flow of water or shutting it off from different zones. This promotes water conservation. It is also used in greenhouses to regulate the irrigation systems and ensure that crops receive adequate water even in remote conditions.

• Manufacturing Industries

  Manufacturers use solenoid valves in their solar systems to improve efficiency, automate the process, and control water. The valve controls water for cooling systems, pressurizing systems, and washing equipment.

• Mining

  Mines use solenoid valves to control the solar water systems for dust suppression, cooling equipment, and processing minerals. The durable valve automates control in harsh environments.

• Food Processing Industries

  Food manufacturers need clean water for food production. Solenoid valves play an important role in sanitizing food processing equipment. It controls water through heating for pasteurization and cleaning. The valve also controls the flow of steam and other liquids in the production systems.

• Marine Applications

  Marine industries use solenoid valves for various applications, including controlling plumbing systems, deck washing, fire protection systems, and cooling water for engines. The valve offers reliable operation that is needed for marine environments with limited human access.

• Construction

  Construction sites use solar water systems for dust suppression, washing equipment, and worker's hydration. Solenoid valves automate the process for water distribution and control to different areas.

How to Choose Solar Water Heater Solenoid Valves

When picking solenoid valves for a solar water heater, consider these criteria to ensure safe, reliable, and efficient operation:

• Voltage Compatibility: Ensure the solenoid valve's voltage matches the solar water heater system. Valves are commonly available in 12V, 24V, 110V, and 220V options. Check the power supply for the heater and select accordingly for proper operation.
• Material: The valve's construction material impacts its durability, corrosion resistance, and suitability. Brass and stainless steel are popular choices due to their strength and resistance to oxidation. Evaluate the water quality and temperatures, along with any potential corrosion or staining issues, to choose appropriate materials.
• Seal Materials: The sealing material affects the valve's tightness and durability. FKM (Viton®) seals offer chemical and heat resistance, making them effective for harsh conditions. EPDM and NBR seals provide good performance in less demanding situations. Consider the temperatures, pressures, and any exposure to solvents when selecting sealing materials.
• Threading and Connections: Ensure the solenoid valve has the right threaded or connection type to fit the plumbing of the solar water heating system. MPT (male pipe threads) and FPT (female pipe threads) are common threaded connections, but valve also comes with other types of connections, such as soldered ends for copper pipes or flanged connections for joining with larger pipes.
• Flow Capacity: Check that the solenoid valve can handle the required water flow rates without causing excessive pressure drops. Specifications usually include a flow rating in gallons per minute (GPM) or liters per minute (LPM).
• Pressure Rating: Make sure the valve can withstand the maximum pressure levels in the solar water heater system. Valves typically have pressure ratings indicating their pressure resistance.
• Slave Wiring Options: When wiring multiple valves in parallel arrangements, explore slave wiring possibilities. Some valve models allow interconnected wiring so that activating one valve simultaneously opens all valves. This can simplify installation and ensure synchronized operation of multiple valves.

Solar water heater solenoid valve Q & A

Q1. How is a solenoid valve for a solar water heater installed?

A1. To install a solenoid valve for a solar heater, the valve must be connected to pipes carrying the water to be controlled. The installation direction must match the directional arrow on the valve. The valve is usually installed in the cold water supply line to the storage tank. If the valve is powered by electricity, it must be connected to a power source according to the valve's specifications. An experienced plumber should install the valve to ensure it is done correctly and securely.

Q2. How does a solar water heater solenoid valve work?

A2. When electricity flows through the valve coil, it creates a magnetic field that attracts the armature. The armature then moves to open or close the valve seat. When the armature is in the seat, the valve is closed. When the armature moves, the valve is open. The water pressure must be at least 1.5 bar for the valve to function properly.

Q3. What are other applications of solenoid valves?

A3. Other than solar water heaters, solenoid valves are used in gas appliances, irrigation systems, medical equipment, and pneumatic systems, among many other devices.